Dados do Trabalho

Título

PREVALENCE OF GASTRIC CANCER PRECURSOR LESIONS IN PATIENTS OF A SECONDARY CARE CENTER IN A STATE IN SOUTH OF BRAZIL

Fundamentação teórica/Introdução

Atrophy of the gastric mucosa and intestinal metaplasia is considered malignant precursor lesions of gastric cancer, which is considered the fifth most common neoplasm in the world and the third cause of death from cancer. The main risk factor is the infection by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), which increases up to six times the risk of gastric cancer, through gastritis, atrophy, and hypochlorhydria, consequences of the infection. Other risk factors are smoking and a family history of gastric cancer.

Objetivos

To investigate the prevalence of malignant precursor lesions and their associated factors in patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Delineamento e Métodos

This is a descriptive, observational, individualized cross-sectional study.

Resultados

A total of 1,549 medical records and patient reports were evaluated and 945 were eligible, the average age was 52.2 (±14.3) years old and most patients (73.3%) were female. The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 47.5% (n= 449) and the highest percentage was between 30-39 years (58.7%). Among H. pylori-positive (+) patients who had developed intestinal metaplasia, there is more risk of having incomplete than complete metaplasia (OR: 4.34; 1.1–17.1; 95%CI). Patients who smoke are more increase the risk to developed glandular atrophy (OR: 1.91; 1.09-3.33; 95%CI) and intestinal metaplasia (OR: 1.93; 0.72-5.11; 95%CI).

Conclusões/Considerações Finais

The present study contributes to a better understanding of the risk factors associated with the development of pre-neoplastic lesions in a population in southern Brazil, which include smoking and H. pylori infection. In the study of this population, we concluded that patients aged between 30-39 years are more infected with H pylori and that smokers predispose to the development of intestinal atrophy and metaplasia, thus being a population with a greater chance of developing gastric cancer. We also conclude that there is an increased risk of developing incomplete-type metaplasia in this population, further increasing the chance of gastric cancer. Thus, we reinforced measures such as smoking cessation and the prevention of H. pylori infection, as well as the treatment of infected patients.

Palavras Chave

Metaplasia; Atrophy; Helicobacter pylori; Stomach neoplasms

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